What is the LaTeX symbol for infinity?

\infty, which renders as ∞. It needs no package — it's part of core LaTeX math mode.

How do I type Greek letters in LaTeX?

Lowercase names give the lowercase letter, \alpha → α. Capitalize the name for the uppercase form where it differs from a Latin letter, \Gamma → Γ; \Alpha isn't a command because capital alpha looks identical to a Latin A.

What is the difference between \leq and \le in LaTeX?

None — \le is a shorter alias for \leq. Both give ≤. The same is true of \geq and \ge.

What is the LaTeX command for the empty set symbol?

\emptyset gives ∅. It's a core command needing no package, and is the standard way to write the empty set in a proof or a set-theory definition.

Do I need a package for these LaTeX symbols?

Most listed here — Greek letters, \leq, \sum, \int, \infty, \in, \forall — are core LaTeX. A few extras such as \varkappa or arrow variants live in amssymb, which is worth loading by default in any math-heavy document.

LaTeX math and science symbols

Every symbol below is a LaTeX math-mode command — write it between $…$ or inside a display equation, e.g. $\alpha \leq \beta$ renders α ≤ β. Core LaTeX covers Greek letters, relations, and set notation out of the box; load amssymb for a wider set.

Greek letters

LaTeX lowercase Greek letters
Symbol	Code	Name
α	\alpha	alpha
β	\beta	beta
γ	\gamma	gamma
δ	\delta	delta
ϵ	\epsilon	epsilon
ε	\varepsilon	epsilon (variant)
ζ	\zeta	zeta
η	\eta	eta
θ	\theta	theta
ϑ	\vartheta	theta (variant)
ι	\iota	iota
κ	\kappa	kappa
λ	\lambda	lambda
μ	\mu	mu
ν	\nu	nu
ξ	\xi	xi
π	\pi	pi
ϖ	\varpi	pi (variant)
ρ	\rho	rho
ϱ	\varrho	rho (variant)
σ	\sigma	sigma
ς	\varsigma	sigma (variant)
τ	\tau	tau
υ	\upsilon	upsilon
ϕ	\phi	phi
φ	\varphi	phi (variant)
χ	\chi	chi
ψ	\psi	psi
ω	\omega	omega

LaTeX uppercase Greek letters
Symbol	Code	Name
Γ	\Gamma	Gamma
Δ	\Delta	Delta
Θ	\Theta	Theta
Λ	\Lambda	Lambda
Ξ	\Xi	Xi
Π	\Pi	Pi
Σ	\Sigma	Sigma
Υ	\Upsilon	Upsilon
Φ	\Phi	Phi
Ψ	\Psi	Psi
Ω	\Omega	Omega

Operators

LaTeX operator symbols
Symbol	Code	Name
±	\pm	plus-minus
∓	\mp	minus-plus
×	\times	times
÷	\div	divide
·	\cdot	dot product
∗	\ast	asterisk operator
⊕	\oplus	circled plus
⊗	\otimes	circled times
∘	\circ	composition
√	\sqrt{}	square root

Relations

LaTeX relation symbols
Symbol	Code	Name
≤	\leq	less than or equal
≥	\geq	greater than or equal
≠	\neq	not equal
≈	\approx	approximately equal
≡	\equiv	equivalent / congruent
∼	\sim	similar to
≅	\cong	congruent
≃	\simeq	asymptotically equal
∝	\propto	proportional to
≪	\ll	much less than
≫	\gg	much greater than
≺	\prec	precedes
≻	\succ	succeeds

Arrows, logic & sets

LaTeX arrow, logic and set symbols
Symbol	Code	Name
→	\to	right arrow
←	\leftarrow	left arrow
⇒	\Rightarrow	implies
⇐	\Leftarrow	implied by
∈	\in	element of
∉	\notin	not an element of
⊂	\subset	proper subset
⊆	\subseteq	subset or equal
⊃	\supset	proper superset
⊇	\supseteq	superset or equal
∪	\cup	union
∩	\cap	intersection
∅	\emptyset	empty set
∀	\forall	for all
∃	\exists	there exists
¬	\not	negation
∧	\wedge	logical and
∨	\vee	logical or
⊨	\models	models / satisfies
⇔	\iff	biconditional (iff)
⊢	\vdash	proves / derives
⊣	\dashv	reverse turnstile
∴	\therefore	therefore
∵	\because	because
⊤	\top	top / true
⊥	\bot	bottom / false

Calculus & big operators

LaTeX calculus and big-operator symbols
Symbol	Code	Name
∑	\sum	summation
∏	\prod	product
∫	\int	integral
∬	\iint	double integral
∭	\iiint	triple integral
∮	\oint	contour integral
∇	\nabla	gradient / del
∂	\partial	partial derivative
∞	\infty	infinity
⋃	\bigcup	big union
⋂	\bigcap	big intersection
⋁	\bigvee	big logical or
⋀	\bigwedge	big logical and

Derivatives

LaTeX derivative notation
Symbol	Code	Name
f′	f'	first derivative (prime)
f″	f''	second derivative (double prime)
ẋ	\dot{x}	time derivative (Newton's notation)
ẍ	\ddot{x}	second time derivative
x̂	\hat{x}	hat accent (unit vector / estimator)
dy/dx	\frac{dy}{dx}	derivative (Leibniz notation)
∂f/∂x	\frac{\partial f}{\partial x}	partial derivative (Leibniz notation)

Big O notation

LaTeX big-O (asymptotic) notation
Symbol	Code	Name
𝒪(n)	\mathcal{O}(n)	big-O (upper bound)
Θ(n)	\Theta(n)	big-Theta (tight bound)
Ω(n)	\Omega(n)	big-Omega (lower bound)
o(n)	o(n)	little-o (strict upper bound)
ω(n)	\omega(n)	little-omega (strict lower bound)

Miscellaneous

LaTeX miscellaneous symbols
Symbol	Code	Name
ℏ	\hbar	reduced Planck constant
ℵ	\aleph	aleph
…	\ldots	ellipsis (on the baseline)
⋯	\cdots	ellipsis (centred)
°	^\circ	degree
†	\dagger	dagger

Writing in Typst instead? See Typst math and science symbols, or go back to equations and math in LaTeX.

In KL studiosyntax errors in a math block surface inline in the diagnostics panel as you type, so a mistyped command is caught at the line it is on rather than buried in a wall of compiler log output.

Common questions

What is the LaTeX symbol for infinity?: \infty, which renders as ∞. It needs no package — it's part of core LaTeX math mode.
How do I type Greek letters in LaTeX?: Lowercase names give the lowercase letter, \alpha → α. Capitalize the name for the uppercase form where it differs from a Latin letter, \Gamma → Γ; \Alpha isn't a command because capital alpha looks identical to a Latin A.
What is the difference between \leq and \le in LaTeX?: None — \le is a shorter alias for \leq. Both give ≤. The same is true of \geq and \ge.
What is the LaTeX command for the empty set symbol?: \emptyset gives ∅. It's a core command needing no package, and is the standard way to write the empty set in a proof or a set-theory definition.
Do I need a package for these LaTeX symbols?: Most listed here — Greek letters, \leq, \sum, \int, \infty, \in, \forall — are core LaTeX. A few extras such as \varkappa or arrow variants live in amssymb, which is worth loading by default in any math-heavy document.